KRAS
- Gene Mutation Analysis
KRAS testing on all NHS samples is completely free
Source BioScience deliver a fast, simple KRAS service with
secure reporting.
- 2-4 days turnaround time from sample receipt
- Secure delivery of electronic reports
- Macrodissection to invrease tumor burden
- Combined KRAS & BRAF testing available
- CPA accreditation
- Simple request form
KRAS testing with Source BioScience is free of charge and
simple. Complete a
request form and post along with your NHS specimen, we'll do
the rest.
Our SPA (Secure Portal Access) system will quickly and securely
deliver electronic reports to you within 2-4 days receipt of the
specimens.
For further information contact our Customer Services team on
0115 973 9056 or email healthcare@sourcebioscience.com.
KRAS - more information
Key Facts
- KRAS protein is an important signalling intermediate in the
EGFR pathway
- Three activating mutations of the KRAS gene are known to occur,
at codons 12,13, and 61
- KRAS mutations are relatively common in colorectal and lung
cancers
- The presence of a KRAS mutation suggests a patient is unlikely
to respond to EGFR-targeted treatment
In different cancer types, in particular those of colorectum and
lung, certain subsets of patients have been shown to benefit from
anti-EGFR therapies; however a significant proportion show no
benefit from these agents. The KRAS gene encodes a protein that
plays a key role in transmitting the original signal from EGFR
downstream to activate important cell functions, in particular
proliferation and survival.
Acquired mutations of this gene commonly occur in pancreatic,
colorectal and lung tumours. These mutations are activating,
leading to uncontrolled signalling. They occur primarily in one
small region of the gene and make tumours resistant to anti-EGFR
therapies. Patients with such mutations in their tumours are
therefore considered unlikely to benefit from anti-EGFR therapies.
Current guidelines in the US and Europe suggest that all patients
being considered for such therapies should be tested for KRAS
mutations.
Source BioScience offers KRAS mutation testing suitable for
archival FFPE tissue samples:
- For routine samples, pyrosequencing is performed on
the Qiagen/Biotage PyroMark™ system, which detects activating
mutations in codons 12, 13 and 61 of the KRAS gene
- Additionally we also offer the Qiagen Therascreen™ KRAS
Mutation Test, which uses real-time PCR to detect activating
mutations in codons 12 and 13 of the KRAS gene.
These mutations are associated with resistance to the anti-EGFR
monoclonal antibody therapeutics cetuximab (Erbitux™) and
panitumumab (Vectibix™), and the small molecule inhibitors of EGFR
gefitinib (Iressa™) and erlotinib (Tarceva™). The results of
mutation tests are reported as positive or negative for the
presence of a particular mutation, along with additional
information about relative frequencies of particular mutations in
colorectal and lung tumours.
Further information:
Mutations:
Mutations are identified against the NCBI reference sequence
(RefSeq ID : NM_033360)
|
Amino acid
change
|
Nucleic acid
change
|
|
Amino acid
change
|
Nucleic acid
change
|
|
p.Gly12Asp
|
c.35G>A
|
|
p.Gln61Leu
|
c.182A>T
|
|
p.Gly12Val
|
c.35G>T
|
|
p.Gln61His
|
c.183A>C
|
|
p.Gly12Cys
|
c.34G>T
|
|
p.Gln61His
|
c.183A>T
|
|
p.Gly12Ala
|
c.35G>C
|
|
p.Gln61Arg
|
c.182A>G
|
|
p.Gly12Ser
|
c.34G>A
|
|
pGln61Pro
|
c.182A>C
|
|
p.Gly12Arg
|
c.34G>C
|
|
|
|
|
p.Gly13Asp
|
c.38G>A
|
|
|
|
Mutations are reported as per the internationally recognised
Human Genome Variation Society format where p.Gly12Asp refers to an
amino acid change at codon 12 from Gly to Asp and c.35G>A refers
to a nucleic acid change at position 35 from G to A.
References:
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Clinical Practice
Guidelines in Oncology for Colon and Rectal Cancer. Published
online November 2008. http://www.nccn.org/about/news/newsinfo.asp?NewsID=194
van Krieken et al. (2008) KRAS mutation testing for
predicting response to anti-EGFR therapy for colorectal carcinoma:
proposal for an European quality assurance program. Virchows
Arch 453:417